Case Study: Application of Bibliotherapy for Anxiety in Preschool Children Who Experienced Hospitalization at the Jakarta Workers General Hospital

Abstract

World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020, 3-10% of children treated in the United States experienced anxiety in hospital. Approximately 3-7% of children treated in Germany, and 5-10% in Canada and New Zealand experience hospital anxiety. The Ministry of Health (Kemenkes) reports that 32 out of 100 children in Indonesia experience health problems. In 2020, 3.94% of preschool children experienced health problems and 7.36 were hospitalized. The aim of the research is to analyze bibliotherapy interventions for anxiety in preschool aged children (3-6 years) while undergoing hospitalization at the Jakarta Workers General Hospital. The research uses a case study research design method. The research results were obtained from the SCAS (Spance Children's Anxiety Scale) questionnaire taking 2 respondents. Respondent I is 4 years old and respondent II is 6 years old, female. Intervention was given 2 times a day within 10 minutes for 6 meetings for 3 days. The results of the study reduced anxiety as seen from the results of the anxiety score before the intervention, respondent I scored 60 and respondent II scored 55 with moderate anxiety and after the intervention respondent I scored 26 and respondent II scored 22 with mild anxiety. In this study, it was proven that bibliotherapy is one of the effective nursing actions to reduce the anxiety level of respondents, especially preschool children aged 3-6 years. Researchers hope that bibliotherapy intervention will become an alternative for society and the development of nursing science in reducing the anxiety of preschool children who are hospitalized.